企業Oracle數據庫備份實施手記

作為企業應用的核心數據庫，備份必不可少；如果單位預算多的，可以考慮直接上專業的備份軟件（NetBackup、CommVault等均可），預算不多的話，也可以像我一樣，通過oracle數據庫自帶的RMAN工具，來實現自動備份；

以下為我司ERP系統的配置過程，以及備份策略，以此記錄以備參考；

關于備份策略，因為企業ERP的備份數據量并不大，所以只定義兩級策略，策略如下：

另外，根據業務人員的要求，數據庫備份保留策略為14天，如下所示：

RMAN> show all;

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name OADB are:

CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO RECOVERY WINDOW OF 14 DAYS;

CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default

CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP OFF; # default

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F'; # default

CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # default

CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default

CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default

CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default

CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default

CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; # default

CONFIGURE COMPRESSION ALGORITHM 'BASIC' AS OF RELEASE 'DEFAULT' OPTIMIZE FOR LOAD TRUE ; # default

CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default

CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/snapcf_oadb.f'; # default

RMAN>

# 注：控制文件的備份，在備份腳本內定義；

備份的自動周期性執行，則是通過Linux系統自動的Crontab服務來實現：

# 確保crond服務運行，且開機自動啟動：

# systemctl start crond && systemctl enable crond

# systemctl status crond

● crond.service - Command Scheduler

Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/crond.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)

Active: active (running) since Wed 2020-01-22 12:15:28 CST; 1 years 0 months ago

Main PID: 1679 (crond)

CGroup: /system.slice/crond.service

└─1679 /usr/sbin/crond -n

Jan 22 12:15:28 ly-eims-web-01 systemd[1]: Started Command Scheduler.

Jan 22 12:15:28 ly-eims-web-01 crond[1679]: (CRON) INFO (RANDOM_DELAY will be scaled with factor 5% if used.)

Jan 22 12:15:28 ly-eims-web-01 crond[1679]: (CRON) INFO (running with inotify support)

# 以下定義全量備份為周日執行，增量備份為周一到周六執行：

# 注：crontab的定義，在oracle用戶環境內配置；

$ crontab -l

0 3 * * 0 /dbbackup/ltdb/scripts/cron_full_oadb.sh

0 3 * * 1-6 /dbbackup/ltdb/scripts/cron_incr_oadb.sh

# 此處嵌套了一層，將備份腳本的所有輸出，重定向到磁盤日志文件，以備后查：

$ more /dbbackup/ltdb/scripts/cron_full_oadb.sh

/dbbackup/ltdb/scripts/full_oadb.sh >> /dbbackup/ltdb/backuplog/full_oadb/full_oadb_`date +%Y%m%d-%H%M%S`.log

$ more /dbbackup/ltdb/scripts/cron_incr_oadb.sh

/dbbackup/ltdb/scripts/incr_oadb.sh >> /dbbackup/ltdb/backuplog/incr_oadb/incr_oadb_`date +%Y%m%d-%H%M%S`.log

$ more /dbbackup/ltdb/scripts/full_oadb.sh

echo -e '******Start********_'$(date '+%Y%m%d%H%M%S')

export ORACLE_SID=oadb

export ORACLE_BASE=/oracle/app

export ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

rman target sys/oracle@oadb<

run{

allocate channel c1 type disk;

backup as compressed backupset incremental level 0 tag 'oadb_incr_L0' format

'/dbbackup/ltdb/oadb/full_%d_%T_%s' database include current controlfile;

backup as compressed backupset archivelog all format '/dbbackup/ltdb/oadb/arclog_0_%s_%p_%t_%d' delete input;

crosscheck backup;

delete noprompt expired backup;

delete noprompt obsolete;

crosscheck archivelog all;

delete noprompt expired archivelog all;

release channel c1;

}

exit;

EOF

說明：

1. 數據庫的備份目錄（/dbbackup/ltdb/oadb/）需要事先創建好；

2. 本次實施，備份目錄/dbbackup，使用的是華為云上的 sfs 彈性文件服務掛載的目錄，執行備份前，需要先掛載好 sfs文件系統，并配置好oracle用戶權限；

$ more /dbbackup/ltdb/scripts/incr_oadb.sh

echo -e '******Start********_'$(date '+%Y%m%d%H%M%S')

export ORACLE_SID=oadb

export ORACLE_BASE=/oracle/app

export ORACLE_HOME=/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

rman target sys/oracle@oadb <

run{

allocate channel c1 type disk;

backup as compressed backupset incremental level 1 tag 'oadb_incr_L1' format

'/dbbackup/ltdb/oadb/incr_%d_%T_%s' database include current controlfile;

backup as compressed backupset archivelog all format '/dbbackup/ltdb/oadb/arclog_1_%s_%p_%t_%d' delete input;

crosscheck backup;

delete noprompt expired backup;

delete noprompt obsolete;

crosscheck archivelog all;

delete noprompt expired archivelog all;

release channel c1;

}

exit;

EOF

如上，rman的備份操作配置完成！

Oracle 數據庫

版權聲明：本文內容由網絡用戶投稿，版權歸原作者所有，本站不擁有其著作權，亦不承擔相應法律責任。如果您發現本站中有涉嫌抄襲或描述失實的內容，請聯系我們jiasou666@gmail.com 處理，核實后本網站將在24小時內刪除侵權內容。

版權聲明：本文內容由網絡用戶投稿，版權歸原作者所有，本站不擁有其著作權，亦不承擔相應法律責任。如果您發現本站中有涉嫌抄襲或描述失實的內容，請聯系我們jiasou666@gmail.com 處理，核實后本網站將在24小時內刪除侵權內容。