國美&華為,戰(zhàn)略合作簽約!
1108
2025-04-04
部分博文是翻譯ROS官方新聞,如需查看原文,請(qǐng)至官網(wǎng)進(jìn)行瀏覽。目前,ROS支持全部主流操作系統(tǒng),windows,macos,linux,如有需要查看之前博文。
關(guān)注開發(fā)團(tuán)隊(duì)的目標(biāo),是依據(jù)現(xiàn)有資源制作機(jī)器人課程和方案的充要條件。每年每月每次課程都要更新,以適應(yīng)日新月異的技術(shù)變革!
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Open Robotics計(jì)劃在2020年5月發(fā)布針對(duì)Python 3的ROS 1發(fā)行版,但需要幫助才能使其成功。
在最近幾年中,每年5月由Open Robotics(OR)發(fā)布一次ROS 1發(fā)行版。在偶數(shù)年份(2014Indigo,2016Kinetic,2018Melodic),ROS發(fā)行版具有5年的支持(長期支持,或LTS),而在奇數(shù)年,只有2年的支持(非LTS)。由于非LTS ROS分布未被社區(qū)大量使用,于是今年早些時(shí)候決定不進(jìn)行非LTS發(fā)布,而是每?jī)赡臧l(fā)布一次LTS ROS發(fā)行版。
今后只有ROS 1.0的LTS版本!!!
鑒于ROS 2獲得更多支持,熱度持續(xù)上升,最近出現(xiàn)了這對(duì)ROS 1發(fā)布的意義問題1?的討論。這些討論包括兩個(gè)方面(這里只是對(duì)兩個(gè)主要方向的簡(jiǎn)要描述):
一方面,研發(fā)團(tuán)隊(duì)大部分的努力和資金都花在了ROS 2上。因此,在已經(jīng)發(fā)布的長期支持版本Melodic之后,目前并沒有繼續(xù)發(fā)布ROS1.0長期支持版本的規(guī)劃。這意味著Noetic支持將由2020-2025,并可能成為ROS1.0的最終重要版本!!!
另一方面,目前機(jī)器人開源社區(qū)仍然大量使用ROS 1而沒有(立即)計(jì)劃遷移到ROS 2,并且ROS 2此時(shí)并不像ROS 1那樣功能豐富和完整。
開發(fā)團(tuán)隊(duì)需要仔細(xì)權(quán)衡并綜合考量未來ROS 1發(fā)行版的利弊。一方面,團(tuán)隊(duì)希望兩個(gè)ROS版本在可行的情況下共存,允許隨時(shí)間遷移,但另一方面,團(tuán)隊(duì)受資源約束的限制。這里說的不僅僅包括OR,而是所有ROS 1軟件包維護(hù)者,無論他們?cè)谀睦锕ぷ鳌U缫淹ㄟ^@Pyo指出1?,每一個(gè)新的ROS 1的發(fā)行版創(chuàng)建初期開發(fā)和那些發(fā)布功能包的開發(fā)者都需要承擔(dān)新發(fā)行后續(xù)的維護(hù)負(fù)擔(dān)。正如@gerkey?所說,OR沒有獲得針對(duì)此類工作的資金,可以猜想其他組織也類似如此。
再看一下ROS 2當(dāng)前的狀態(tài),它確實(shí)在核心部分具備很多功能,許多重要功能(如導(dǎo)航Navigation、移動(dòng)MoveIt!、圖像管道pipeline)的移植工作正在進(jìn)行中。話雖如此,仍然有一些方法可以在各個(gè)方面與ROS 1相匹配,只提一個(gè)方面:文檔和教程2?。
從目前的ROS 1支持時(shí)間表來看,最新的Melodic發(fā)行版于2018年發(fā)布,并將持續(xù)到2023年。雖然原則上給出的時(shí)間表為4.5年,但有兩個(gè)因素限制了有效的支持范圍:
在未來的某個(gè)時(shí)刻,ROS 2將針對(duì)更新版本的Ubuntu(即20.04)。通常用于在Ubuntu LTS可用之后發(fā)布的下一個(gè)ROS發(fā)行版的ROS發(fā)行版。雖然具體的時(shí)間點(diǎn)可以討論,但在某些時(shí)候這種情況會(huì)發(fā)生 - 很可能在2023年之前發(fā)生。然后沒有針對(duì)新版Ubuntu的新ROS發(fā)行版會(huì)讓我們陷入“分裂”的境地(只有一個(gè)ROS版本,即ROS 2.0):在同一個(gè)Ubuntu發(fā)行版中不支持ROS 1和ROS 2的版本,這將使異構(gòu)系統(tǒng)更具挑戰(zhàn)性。因此,這種分裂也會(huì)使任何漸進(jìn)的遷移工作變得更加困難。這個(gè)方面縮短了支持的時(shí)間窗口,縮短了ROS 1和ROS 2發(fā)行版之間的重疊,這個(gè)平臺(tái)不到4.5年 - 更像是2 - 3年(也是由@mikeferguson?注意到)。
第二個(gè)方面限制ROS 1 Melodic的有效支持窗口是Python 2中的EOL?3?在2020年開始在現(xiàn)有的發(fā)行版和功能包將繼續(xù)存在,安全補(bǔ)丁的維護(hù)停止可能會(huì)顯著阻礙繼續(xù)的使用Python 2軟件。因此,有效時(shí)間窗口變得更短 - 更實(shí)際的是大約1.5 - 2年。
基于這些考慮因素,或者已決定投入一些資源來創(chuàng)建一個(gè)代號(hào)為Noetic Ninjemys(Noetic)的ROS 1版本,該版本將于2020年5月以Python 3(而不是Python 2)為目標(biāo)。ROS 1發(fā)行版的可用性將解決上述限制并有效確保ROS 1和ROS 2共存至少2025年。而在2022年,新的ROS 2發(fā)行版可能會(huì)針對(duì)較新的Ubuntu發(fā)行版(ROS 1不支持,如Noetic)這對(duì)于共存/遷移來說不是一個(gè)問題,因?yàn)槟菚r(shí)開發(fā)團(tuán)隊(duì)當(dāng)然希望從2020/2021年發(fā)布的ROS 2成為用戶可以堅(jiān)持的可行平臺(tái)。(目前情況要少得多,而重要功能仍處于開發(fā)狀態(tài),以前的版本不一定處于可行狀態(tài)。)
因此,在ROS 1中從Python 2到Python 3的過渡肯定是一個(gè)重要的過程。雖然OR將 于在2020年創(chuàng)建Noetic版本,但工作范圍要高得多。它需要整個(gè)社區(qū)為這項(xiàng)工作做出貢獻(xiàn) - 否則Noetic只會(huì)包含以前ROS 1版本的一小部分軟件包,或者如果沒有進(jìn)行廣泛測(cè)試,質(zhì)量可能會(huì)低于標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
在ROS 1 Noetic版本和ROS 2移植工作的背景下,可以看到Python 3過渡對(duì)兩個(gè)ROS世界都有好處。首先將包與Noetic的Python 3兼容,然后移植到ROS 2,其次將包移植到ROS 2(這涉及使其與Python 3一起使用),然后可以移植Python 3特定的更改Noetic發(fā)布。無論哪種方式,Python 3的步驟都是必要的。
與任何ROS發(fā)行版一樣,由軟件包維護(hù)人員決定是否以及何時(shí)將其軟件包發(fā)布到Noetic中。和往常一樣,歡迎所有社區(qū)成員加強(qiáng)幫助以獲得功能包。如果發(fā)現(xiàn)任何受支持的ROS發(fā)行版中缺少某些內(nèi)容,請(qǐng)考慮自愿花時(shí)間幫助發(fā)布。如果這是非常關(guān)心的一攬子計(jì)劃,請(qǐng)考慮自愿成為共同維護(hù)者,甚至承擔(dān)單獨(dú)的維護(hù)工作。你很可能從軟件包維護(hù)者那里得到積極的回應(yīng)。考慮到Python 3過渡所帶來的額外努力,開發(fā)團(tuán)隊(duì)比以往更需要社區(qū)的幫助,以便Noetic成為一個(gè)完整的發(fā)行版。
對(duì)Noetic之外的ROS 1意味著什么?目前,或者無法繼續(xù)將資源投入到Noetic之后的ROS 1版本中。所以O(shè)R并不打算O-turtle ROS 1上發(fā)揮作用。如果社區(qū)有很大的興趣,這絕不意味著不會(huì)有更多的ROS 1版本。所有基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施都是開放的,如果一個(gè)或多個(gè)實(shí)體愿意負(fù)責(zé)推出未來的ROS 1發(fā)行版,或者非常樂意幫助他們開始這項(xiàng)工作。
開發(fā)團(tuán)隊(duì)希望這篇文章為ROS 1在可預(yù)見的未來提供了一個(gè)明確的方向,并且確定了OR的預(yù)期。
ROS開發(fā)團(tuán)隊(duì)@Open Robotics
ROS Melodic的迷失與救贖::https://blog.csdn.net/column/details/28058.html
GitChat::沉迷機(jī)器人操作系統(tǒng)的一個(gè)理由和四種修仙秘籍
基于Windows和Ubuntu的ROS Melodic課程已經(jīng)開發(fā)完畢,包括Navigation和MoveIt!,將win和linux進(jìn)行融合講解,并同步進(jìn)行ROS1.0和ROS2.0的對(duì)比授課。
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Attendees:
OR: Brian Gerkey, Tully Foote, Louise Pouble, Dirk Thomas
Apex: Dejan Pangercic
Bosch: Karsten Knese
LG: Seonman Kim
Robotis: Pyo Yoonseok
Microsoft: Lou Amadio
TRI: Allison Thackston
Amazon: Doug Fulop
Intel: Matthew K Hansen
[discussion & decision] New TSC members to consider
Interest from multiple companies to participate.
Decision:?@gerkey?to follow up with each to get more information:
How they will help accelerate ROS2 development?
What projects are they interested in working on?
[update] Status on ROS trademark application
Iterating with lawyers still
[update] Status on DCO process for ROS 2 repos
Reviewed draft from Bosch, have not tried integrating into Github
Should be able to have it rolled out by Crystal
[update] Review of ongoing work for Crystal:
Gazebo ROS packages
Mostly completed, one PR remaining
Launch
On track. Always more to be done, but looking good for well-featured release.
memory audit
Slow start, but should show some results for Crystal.
docs v2
https://index.ros.org?1?prototype live, will include/replace github wiki content
IDL
Parsing complete, working on AST to object representation. Next step generators
Actions
Design doc up for review?https://github.com/ros2/design/pull/193
In parallel implementation in progress?https://github.com/ros2/examples/pull/216?1
build farm
Upgrading CI options:?https://github.com/ros-infrastructure/ros_buildfarm/pull/575
Looking to upgrade Jenkins version
performance testing
Working on setting up Apex’s performance testing on the buildfarm
secure services:?https://discourse.ros.org/t/ros2-security-working-group-online-meeting/6393/17
secure key management:?https://discourse.ros.org/t/ros2-security-tools-for-development-and-production/6487
logging:?https://discourse.ros.org/t/ros2-logging/6469
rqt (via PickNik):?https://discourse.ros.org/t/rqt-in-ros2/6428?1
DDS improvements with eProsima (not in time for Crystal)
Ongoing Apex work with them:
“More” static / real time regarding memory allocation
Shared memory transport
Minimum DDS profile for compatibility
Migration tools:?https://discourse.ros.org/t/ros1-to-ros2-migration-tools/6505
QoS?https://github.com/ros2/rclcpp/issues/572
Testing and fuzzing?https://gitlab.com/AutowareAuto/AutowareAuto/issues/19
Formalizing integration testing need to move to new launch implementation
Rosbag?https://github.com/ros2/rosbag2
Presented at ROSCon?video?slides
Navigation?https://discourse.ros.org/t/ros2-navigation-wg-next-thursday-10-18-18-10am-pacific-gmt-7-00/6443/7?1
Many components working not all of them yet, still running a bunch of components in ros1 via bridge for now such as rviz.
Waiting for gazebo and rviz in ros2
Links to be sent for latest development branches
Are we making tags/branches for crystal prerelease?
During development we’re keeping all default branches coordinated. There should never be a synchronization issue between the default branches.
Image_pipeline -?https://github.com/ros-perception/image_pipeline/issues/360
geometry2/message_filters -?https://github.com/ros-planning/navigation2/issues/171
Performance improvements (Python bindings)
Superflore (ROS2 for OpenEmbedded, webOS)
ROS/ROS2 Simulator for Autonomous Driving and Robotics
Windows buildfarm targeted to be ready for Crystal
Working on ROS1 including `ros1_bridge` for compatibility?https://discourse.ros.org/t/introducing-ros1-on-windows/6210?and?Moveit
TB3 on ROS 2?https://discourse.ros.org/t/tb3-introducing-ros2-tutorials/5959?1
TB3 on ROS2 in Gazebo
Tutorials on how to use GazeboROS2pkgs
http://gazebosim.org/tutorials?tut=ros2_overview&branch=ros2
http://gazebosim.org/tutorials?tut=ros2_installing&branch=ros2
Coordinate with Intel about testing navigation stack and availability of TB3 simulator for navigation testing.
ros2arduino?https://discourse.ros.org/t/ros2arduino-discussion-for-development-ros2-library-for-arduino/6498
[update] Review of unclaimed tasks for Crystal:
https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/14GY9shcwa2QKnw5u5T7F_2-4XuuwLkS3W20-tVp8EOY/edit#gid=0?2
Any blockers that we need to start work on now?
Follow up offline
[discussion] How to track work being done for Crystal
Too many options now: Waffle, spreadsheets, Discourse, random emails
Proposal: converge on issues in github and which then show in?https://waffle.io/ros2/ros2?milestone=crystal
The high level features / tasks being worked on for Crystal are described in?https://github.com/ros2/ros2/issues/529?1?and then each item has a more detailed reference linked from there
[discussion] How best to support ROS 1->2 transition?
Idea: facilitate ROS 1->2 transition by supporting release of ROS 1 N-turtle (Noetic) as LTS in May 2020 targeting Ubuntu 20.04, with public intent to make it the last ROS 1 release driven by OSRF
Extends ROS 1 support by 2 years until 2025
Requires Python 2->3 transition for packages released into Noetic
Allows longer period of overlap between ROS 1 & 2, in particular to support bridging
Avoids supporting multiple Ubuntu LTS distros for a single ROS (1 or 2) distro
Idea: No ROS-1 Noetic unless community takes this on themselves; We should take the stand that all work goes to ROS2 particularly with the LTS expiration of M
@gerkey?and?@dirk-thomas?will consider all feedback and develop an official position of Open Robotics
With release coming we might want to have multiple meetings before the release.
@gerkey?to coordinate offline.
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Python 機(jī)器人
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