Java 單體服務開發指南（下）

5、分環境配置

類型

dev

test

uat

prod

環境定義：

public class EnvConstant { public static final String ENV_DEV = "dev"; public static final String ENV_TEST = "test"; public static final String ENV_UAT = "uat"; // similar to staging public static final String ENV_PROD = "prod"; }

環境配置：

// environment related configuration @Data @Builder public class EnvConfig { private String name; private boolean debug; private String externalApex; private String internalApex; private String scheme; @Getter(AccessLevel.NONE) @Setter(AccessLevel.NONE) private static Map map; static { map = new HashMap(); EnvConfig envConfig = EnvConfig.builder().name(EnvConstant.ENV_DEV) .debug(true) .externalApex("staffjoy-v2.local") .internalApex(EnvConstant.ENV_DEV) .scheme("http") .build(); map.put(EnvConstant.ENV_DEV, envConfig); envConfig = EnvConfig.builder().name(EnvConstant.ENV_TEST) .debug(true) .externalApex("staffjoy-v2.local") .internalApex(EnvConstant.ENV_DEV) .scheme("http") .build(); map.put(EnvConstant.ENV_TEST, envConfig); // for aliyun k8s demo, enable debug and use http and staffjoy-uat.local // in real world, disable debug and use http and staffjoy-uat.xyz in UAT environment envConfig = EnvConfig.builder().name(EnvConstant.ENV_UAT) .debug(true) .externalApex("dusan-uat.local") .internalApex(EnvConstant.ENV_UAT) .scheme("http") .build(); map.put(EnvConstant.ENV_UAT, envConfig); // envConfig = EnvConfig.builder().name(EnvConstant.ENV_UAT) // .debug(false) // .externalApex("staffjoy-uat.xyz") // .internalApex(EnvConstant.ENV_UAT) // .scheme("https") // .build(); // map.put(EnvConstant.ENV_UAT, envConfig); envConfig = EnvConfig.builder().name(EnvConstant.ENV_PROD) .debug(false) .externalApex("dunsan.com") .internalApex(EnvConstant.ENV_PROD) .scheme("https") .build(); map.put(EnvConstant.ENV_PROD, envConfig); } public static EnvConfig getEnvConfg(String env) { EnvConfig envConfig = map.get(env); if (envConfig == null) { envConfig = map.get(EnvConstant.ENV_DEV); } return envConfig; } }

開發測試環境禁用 Sentry 異常日志:

@Aspect @Slf4j public class SentryClientAspect { @Autowired EnvConfig envConfig; @Around("execution(* io.sentry.SentryClient.send*(..))") public void around(ProceedingJoinPoint joinPoint) throws Throwable { // no sentry logging in debug mode if (envConfig.isDebug()) { log.debug("no sentry logging in debug mode"); return; } joinPoint.proceed(); } }

Sentry 是統一的異常管理平臺，支持異常事件的收集、展示、告警等功能。

6、異步調用處理

ThreadPoolTaskExecutor：

AsyncExecutor 配置：

Configuration @EnableAsync @Import(value = {StaffjoyRestConfig.class}) @SuppressWarnings(value = "Duplicates") public class AppConfig { public static final String ASYNC_EXECUTOR_NAME = "asyncExecutor"; @Bean(name=ASYNC_EXECUTOR_NAME) public Executor asyncExecutor() { ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor(); executor.setTaskDecorator(new ContextCopyingDecorator()); executor.setCorePoolSize(3); executor.setMaxPoolSize(5); executor.setQueueCapacity(100); executor.setWaitForTasksToCompleteOnShutdown(true); executor.setThreadNamePrefix("AsyncThread-"); executor.initialize(); return executor; } }

Async 標注：

@Async(AppConfig.ASYNC_EXECUTOR_NAME) public void trackEventAsync(String userId, String eventName) { if (envConfig.isDebug()) { logger.debug("intercom disabled in dev & test environment"); return; } Event event = new Event() .setUserID(userId) .setEventName("v2_" + eventName) .setCreatedAt(Instant.now().toEpochMilli()); try { Event.create(event); } catch (Exception ex) { String errMsg = "fail to create event on Intercom"; handleException(logger, ex, errMsg); throw new ServiceException(errMsg, ex); } logger.debug("updated intercom"); }

線程上下文拷貝：

// https://stackoverflow.com/questions/23732089/how-to-enable-request-scope-in-async-task-executor public class ContextCopyingDecorator implements TaskDecorator { @Override public Runnable decorate(Runnable runnable) { RequestAttributes context = RequestContextHolder.currentRequestAttributes(); return () -> { try { RequestContextHolder.setRequestAttributes(context); runnable.run(); } finally { RequestContextHolder.resetRequestAttributes(); } }; } }

@Configuration @EnableAsync @Import(value = {StaffjoyRestConfig.class}) @SuppressWarnings(value = "Duplicates") public class AppConfig { public static final String ASYNC_EXECUTOR_NAME = "asyncExecutor"; @Bean(name=ASYNC_EXECUTOR_NAME) public Executor asyncExecutor() { ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor(); // for passing in request scope context executor.setTaskDecorator(new ContextCopyingDecorator()); executor.setCorePoolSize(3); executor.setMaxPoolSize(5); executor.setQueueCapacity(100); executor.setWaitForTasksToCompleteOnShutdown(true); executor.setThreadNamePrefix("AsyncThread-"); executor.initialize(); return executor; } }

7、Swagger 配置

io.springfox springfox-swagger2 2.9.2 io.springfox springfox-swagger-ui 2.9.2

@Configuration @EnableSwagger2 public class SwaggerConfig { @Bean public Docket api() { return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2) .select() //為當前包下controller生成API文檔 .apis(RequestHandlerSelectors.basePackage("com.7d.PmsBrand.controller")) .paths(PathSelectors.any()) .build() .apiInfo(apiEndPointsInfo()) .useDefaultResponseMessages(false); } private ApiInfo apiEndPointsInfo() { return new ApiInfoBuilder().title("PmsBrand REST API") .description("7d Account REST API") .contact(new Contact("7d", "https://zuozewei.blog.csdn.net", "zuozewei@hotmail.com")) .license("The MIT License") .licenseUrl("https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT") .version("V2") .build(); } }

給 Controller 添加 Swagger 注解:

/** * 品牌管理Controller */ @Api(tags = "PmsBrandController", description = "商品品牌管理") @Controller @RequestMapping("/brand") public class PmsBrandController { @Autowired private PmsBrandService brandService; private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(PmsBrandController.class); @ApiOperation("獲取所有品牌列表") @RequestMapping(value = "listAll", method = RequestMethod.GET) @ResponseBody public CommonResult> getBrandList() { return CommonResult.success(brandService.listAllBrand()); } @ApiOperation("添加品牌") @RequestMapping(value = "/create", method = RequestMethod.POST) @ResponseBody public CommonResult createBrand(@RequestBody PmsBrand pmsBrand) { CommonResult commonResult; int count = brandService.createBrand(pmsBrand); if (count == 1) { commonResult = CommonResult.success(pmsBrand); LOGGER.debug("createBrand success:{}", pmsBrand); } else { commonResult = CommonResult.failed("操作失敗"); LOGGER.debug("createBrand failed:{}", pmsBrand); } return commonResult; } @ApiOperation("更新指定id品牌信息") @RequestMapping(value = "/update/{id}", method = RequestMethod.POST) @ResponseBody public CommonResult updateBrand(@PathVariable("id") Long id, @RequestBody PmsBrand pmsBrandDto, BindingResult result) { CommonResult commonResult; int count = brandService.updateBrand(id, pmsBrandDto); if (count == 1) { commonResult = CommonResult.success(pmsBrandDto); LOGGER.debug("updateBrand success:{}", pmsBrandDto); } else { commonResult = CommonResult.failed("操作失敗"); LOGGER.debug("updateBrand failed:{}", pmsBrandDto); } return commonResult; } @ApiOperation("刪除指定id的品牌") @RequestMapping(value = "/delete/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET) @ResponseBody public CommonResult deleteBrand(@PathVariable("id") Long id) { int count = brandService.deleteBrand(id); if (count == 1) { LOGGER.debug("deleteBrand success :id={}", id); return CommonResult.success(null); } else { LOGGER.debug("deleteBrand failed :id={}", id); return CommonResult.failed("操作失敗"); } } @ApiOperation("分頁查詢品牌列表") @RequestMapping(value = "/list", method = RequestMethod.GET) @ResponseBody public CommonResult> listBrand(@RequestParam(value = "pageNum", defaultValue = "1") @ApiParam("頁碼") Integer pageNum, @RequestParam(value = "pageSize", defaultValue = "3") @ApiParam("每頁數量") Integer pageSize) { List brandList = brandService.listBrand(pageNum, pageSize); return CommonResult.success(CommonPage.restPage(brandList)); } @ApiOperation("獲取指定id的品牌詳情") @RequestMapping(value = "/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET) @ResponseBody public CommonResult brand(@PathVariable("id") Long id) { return CommonResult.success(brandService.getBrand(id)); } }

修改 MyBatis Generator 注釋的生成規則：

CommentGenerator為MyBatis Generator的自定義注釋生成器，修改addFieldComment方法使其生成Swagger的@ApiModelProperty注解來取代原來的方法注釋，添加addJavaFileComment方法，使其能在import中導入@ApiModelProperty，否則需要手動導入該類，在需要生成大量實體類時，是一件非常麻煩的事。

/** * 自定義注釋生成器 */ public class CommentGenerator extends DefaultCommentGenerator { private boolean addRemarkComments = false; private static final String EXAMPLE_SUFFIX="Example"; private static final String API_MODEL_PROPERTY_FULL_CLASS_NAME="io.swagger.annotations.ApiModelProperty"; /** * 設置用戶配置的參數 */ @Override public void addConfigurationProperties(Properties properties) { super.addConfigurationProperties(properties); this.addRemarkComments = StringUtility.isTrue(properties.getProperty("addRemarkComments")); } /** * 給字段添加注釋 */ @Override public void addFieldComment(Field field, IntrospectedTable introspectedTable, IntrospectedColumn introspectedColumn) { String remarks = introspectedColumn.getRemarks(); //根據參數和備注信息判斷是否添加備注信息 if(addRemarkComments&&StringUtility.stringHasValue(remarks)){ // addFieldJavaDoc(field, remarks); //數據庫中特殊字符需要轉義 if(remarks.contains("\"")){ remarks = remarks.replace("\"","'"); } //給model的字段添加swagger注解 field.addJavaDocLine("@ApiModelProperty(value = \""+remarks+"\")"); } } /** * 給model的字段添加注釋 */ private void addFieldJavaDoc(Field field, String remarks) { //文檔注釋開始 field.addJavaDocLine("/**"); //獲取數據庫字段的備注信息 String[] remarkLines = remarks.split(System.getProperty("line.separator")); for(String remarkLine:remarkLines){ field.addJavaDocLine(" * "+remarkLine); } addJavadocTag(field, false); field.addJavaDocLine(" */"); } @Override public void addJavaFileComment(CompilationUnit compilationUnit) { super.addJavaFileComment(compilationUnit); //只在model中添加swagger注解類的導入 if(!compilationUnit.isJavaInterface()&&!compilationUnit.getType().getFullyQualifiedName().contains(EXAMPLE_SUFFIX)){ compilationUnit.addImportedType(new FullyQualifiedJavaType(API_MODEL_PROPERTY_FULL_CLASS_NAME)); } } }

運行代碼生成器重新生成 mbg 包中的代碼：

運行com.7d.mall.tiny.mbg.Generator 的 main方法，重新生成 mbg 中的代碼，可以看到 PmsBrand 類中已經自動根據數據庫注釋添加了@ApiModelProperty注解

8、前后端分離跨域

CORS全稱Cross-Origin Resource Sharing，意為跨域資源共享。當一個資源去訪問另一個不同域名或者同域名不同端口的資源時，就會發出跨域請求。如果此時另一個資源不允許其進行跨域資源訪問，那么訪問的那個資源就會遇到跨域問題。

覆蓋默認的CorsFilter

添加GlobalCorsConfig配置文件來允許跨域訪問。

設置 SpringSecurity 允許 OPTIONS 請求訪問

在SecurityConfig類的configure(HttpSecurity httpSecurity) 方法中添加如下代碼。

.antMatchers(HttpMethod.OPTIONS)//跨域請求會先進行一次options請求 .permitAll()

9、統一訪問日志記錄

AOP 通過在 controller 層建一個切面來實現接口訪問的統一日志記錄。

添加日志信息封裝類 WebLog

用于封裝需要記錄的日志信息，包括操作的描述、時間、消耗時間、url、請求參數和返回結果等信息。

/** * Controller層的日志封裝類 */ public class WebLog { /** * 操作描述 */ private String description; /** * 操作用戶 */ private String username; /** * 操作時間 */ private Long startTime; /** * 消耗時間 */ private Integer spendTime; /** * 根路徑 */ private String basePath; /** * URI */ private String uri; /** * URL */ private String url; /** * 請求類型 */ private String method; /** * IP地址 */ private String ip; /** * 請求參數 */ private Object parameter; /** * 請求返回的結果 */ private Object result; //省略了getter,setter方法 }

添加切面類 WebLogAspect:

定義了一個日志切面，在環繞通知中獲取日志需要的信息，并應用到controller層中所有的public方法中去。

/** * 統一日志處理切面 */ @Aspect @Component @Order(1) public class WebLogAspect { private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(WebLogAspect.class); @Pointcut("execution(public * com.dunsan.mall.tiny.controller.*.*(..))") public void webLog() { } @Before("webLog()") public void doBefore(JoinPoint joinPoint) throws Throwable { } @AfterReturning(value = "webLog()", returning = "ret") public void doAfterReturning(Object ret) throws Throwable { } @Around("webLog()") public Object doAround(ProceedingJoinPoint joinPoint) throws Throwable { long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis(); //獲取當前請求對象 ServletRequestAttributes attributes = (ServletRequestAttributes) RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes(); HttpServletRequest request = attributes.getRequest(); //記錄請求信息 WebLog webLog = new WebLog(); Object result = joinPoint.proceed(); Signature signature = joinPoint.getSignature(); MethodSignature methodSignature = (MethodSignature) signature; Method method = methodSignature.getMethod(); if (method.isAnnotationPresent(ApiOperation.class)) { ApiOperation apiOperation = method.getAnnotation(ApiOperation.class); webLog.setDescription(apiOperation.value()); } long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis(); String urlStr = request.getRequestURL().toString(); webLog.setBasePath(StrUtil.removeSuffix(urlStr, URLUtil.url(urlStr).getPath())); webLog.setIp(request.getRemoteUser()); webLog.setMethod(request.getMethod()); webLog.setParameter(getParameter(method, joinPoint.getArgs())); webLog.setResult(result); webLog.setSpendTime((int) (endTime - startTime)); webLog.setStartTime(startTime); webLog.setUri(request.getRequestURI()); webLog.setUrl(request.getRequestURL().toString()); LOGGER.info("{}", JSONUtil.parse(webLog)); return result; } /** * 根據方法和傳入的參數獲取請求參數 */ private Object getParameter(Method method, Object[] args) { List