[Ubuntu][Python][原創]make_sd_card.py制卡腳本Python文件解讀注釋

剛看時這個腳本代碼太多，是不是看不懂或者難看？其實告訴你寫了這么多代碼就一句有用，其他都是在搞亂七八糟的校驗，防止出錯。關鍵代碼在202行，就這一句有用，其實完全就用202一行代碼搞定了。很多注釋在下面我做了，一看就懂。廢話不多上代碼+注釋。下次放出制卡的sh腳本注釋。

#

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'''common?installation'''

import?os

import?platform

import?signal

import?subprocess

import?time

import?yaml

import?sys

NETWORK_CARD_DEFAULT_IP="192.168.0.2"?#?網卡默認的IP地址

USB_CARD_DEFAULT_IP="192.168.1.2"?#?開發板USB登錄默認IP

VERSION_INFO_URL?=?"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Ascend/tools/master/versioninfo.yaml"

CURRENT_PATH?=?os.path.dirname(

os.path.realpath(__file__))

SD_CARD_MAKING_PATH?=?os.path.join(CURRENT_PATH,?"sd_card_making")

MIN_DISK_SIZE?=?7?*?1024?*?1024?*?1024?#最小容量限制

#?這個腳本寫了一大堆代碼其實就是為這個命令服務

MAKING_SD_CARD_COMMAND?=?"bash?{path}/make_ubuntu_sd.sh?"?+?"?{dev_name}"?+?\

"?{pkg_path}?{ubuntu_file_name}?{ascend_developerkit_file_name}"?+?\

"?"?+?NETWORK_CARD_DEFAULT_IP?+?"?"?+?USB_CARD_DEFAULT_IP?+?\

"?>?{log_path}/make_ubuntu_sd.log?"

#?在終端執行命令，python調用，這個和windows一樣，其他編程調用終端的程序去運行腳本

def?execute(cmd,?timeout=3600,?cwd=None):

'''execute?os?command'''

#?print(cmd)

is_linux?=?platform.system()?==?'Linux'

if?not?cwd:

cwd?=?os.getcwd()

process?=?subprocess.Popen(cmd,?cwd=cwd,?bufsize=32768,?stdout=subprocess.PIPE,

stderr=subprocess.STDOUT,?shell=True,

preexec_fn=os.setsid?if?is_linux?else?None)

t_beginning?=?time.time()

#?cycle?times

time_gap?=?0.01

str_std_output?=?""

while?True:

str_out?=?str(process.stdout.read().decode())

str_std_output?=?str_std_output?+?str_out

if?process.poll()?is?not?None:

break

seconds_passed?=?time.time()?-?t_beginning

if?timeout?and?seconds_passed?>?timeout:

if?is_linux:

os.kill(process.pid,?signal.SIGTERM)

else:

process.terminate()

return?False,?process.stdout.readlines()

time.sleep(time_gap)

str_std_output?=?str_std_output.strip()

#?print(str_std_output)

std_output_lines_last?=?[]

std_output_lines?=?str_std_output.split("\n")

for?i?in?std_output_lines:

std_output_lines_last.append(i)

if?process.returncode?!=?0?or?"Traceback"?in?str_std_output:

return?False,?std_output_lines_last

return?True,?std_output_lines_last

def?print_process(string,?is_finished=False):

if?string?==?""?or?string?is?None?or?is_finished:

print("..........?..........?..........?..........?100%",?end='\r')

print("")

else:

string?=?string.split("..........?",?1)[1]

string?=?string.split("%")[0]?+?"%"

print(string,?end='\r')

def?execute_wget(cmd,?timeout=86400,?cwd=None):

'''execute?os?command'''

#?print(cmd)

is_linux?=?platform.system()?==?'Linux'

if?not?cwd:

cwd?=?os.getcwd()

process?=?subprocess.Popen(cmd,?cwd=cwd,?bufsize=1,?stdout=subprocess.PIPE,

stderr=subprocess.STDOUT,?shell=True,

preexec_fn=os.setsid?if?is_linux?else?None)

t_beginning?=?time.time()

#?cycle?times

time_gap?=?0.01

str_std_output?=?""

process_str?=?""

while?True:

str_out?=?str(process.stdout.readline())

if?"......"?in?str_out:

process_str?=?str_out

print_process(process_str)

str_std_output?=?str_std_output?+?str_out

if?process.poll()?is?not?None:

break

seconds_passed?=?time.time()?-?t_beginning

if?timeout?and?seconds_passed?>?timeout:

if?is_linux:

os.kill(process.pid,?signal.SIGTERM)

else:

process.terminate()

print("")

return?False

time.sleep(time_gap)

if?process.returncode?!=?0?or?"Traceback"?in?str_std_output:

print("")

return?False

print_process(process_str,?True)

return?True

def?check_sd(dev_name):

#?執行shell命令?fdisk?-l?2>/dev/null?|?grep?"Disk?你的USB名稱:"

ret,?disk?=?execute(

"fdisk?-l?2>/dev/null?|?grep?\"Disk?{dev_name}:\"".format(dev_name=dev_name))

if?not?ret?or?len(disk)?>?1:

#?如果提示這個錯誤說明調用上面的shell命令，沒有找到disk，此時你可以手動在終端執行看看什么原因

print(

"[ERROR]?Can?not?get?disk,?please?use?fdisk?-l?to?check?available?disk?name!")

return?False

#?查詢掛載的磁盤到list

ret,?mounted_list?=?execute("df?-h")

#?返回None表示沒有查詢到，如果出現這個錯誤提示，請自己在終端執行df-h看看什么情況

if?not?ret:

print("[ERROR]?Can?not?get?mounted?disk?list!")

return?False

#?df?-h執行的結果，我電腦插的有SD卡

#?Filesystem??????Size??Used?Avail?Use%?Mounted?on

#?udev????????????3.6G?????0??3.6G???0%?/dev

#?tmpfs???????????742M??9.6M??732M???2%?/run

#?/dev/sda1???????289G???21G??256G???8%?/

#?tmpfs???????????3.7G???22M??3.6G???1%?/dev/shm

#?tmpfs???????????5.0M??4.0K??5.0M???1%?/run/lock

#?tmpfs???????????3.7G?????0??3.7G???0%?/sys/fs/cgroup

#?tmpfs???????????742M???60K??742M???1%?/run/user/1002

#?vmhgfs-fuse?????376G??203G??174G??54%?/mnt/hgfs

#?tmpfs???????????742M???64K??742M???1%?/run/user/1003

#?/dev/sdb3????????24G??179M???22G???1%?/media/lwl/ubuntu_fs1

#?/dev/sdb2???????976M??1.3M??924M???1%?/media/lwl/ubuntu_fs

#?/dev/sdb1???????4.8G??621M??4.0G??14%?/media/lwl/ubuntu_fs2

#?查詢系統盤，并送入unchanged_disk_list

unchanged_disk_list?=?[]

for?each_mounted_disk?in?mounted_list:

disk_name?=?each_mounted_disk.split()[0]

disk_type?=?each_mounted_disk.split()[5]

if?disk_type?==?"/boot"?or?disk_type?==?"/":

unchanged_disk_list.append(disk_name)

unchanged_disk?=?"?".join(unchanged_disk_list)

#?從USB信息中分割出實際的磁盤容量

disk_size_str?=?disk[0].split(",")[1]

disk_size_str?=?disk_size_str.split()[0]

disk_size?=?int(disk_size_str)

if?dev_name?not?in?unchanged_disk?and?disk_size?>=?MIN_DISK_SIZE:

return?True

#?經過大量的用戶反饋，這個錯誤經常出現，原因是disk_size?>=?MIN_DISK_SIZE不成立

#?因為202-204代碼把磁盤容量有時候會分割錯，因為有的系統顯示是28.7G，有的卻顯示28,7G結果割出來7

#?出現這個問題，在確保SD卡足夠情況下，202代碼改成

#?disk_size_str?=?disk[0].split(",?")[1]?就是,后面加個空格

print("[ERROR]?Invalid?SD?card?or?size?is?less?then?8G,?please?check?SD?Card.")

return?False

def?parse_download_info(ascend_version):

version_info_file_name?=?os.path.basename(VERSION_INFO_URL)

version_info_path?=?os.path.join(

CURRENT_PATH,?version_info_file_name)

ret?=?execute_wget("wget?-O?{name}?{url}?--no-check-certificate".format(

name=version_info_path,?url=VERSION_INFO_URL))

if?not?ret?or?not?os.path.exists(version_info_path):

print(

"[ERROR]?Can?not?download?versioninfo.yaml,?please?check?your?network?connection.")

execute("rm?-rf?{path}".format(path=version_info_path))

return?False,?"",?"",?""

version_info_file?=?open(

version_info_path,?'r',?encoding='utf-8')

version_info_dict?=?yaml.load(

version_info_file)

ascend_version_dict?=?version_info_dict.get("mini_developerkit")

if?ascend_version?==?""?or?ascend_version?==?ascend_version_dict.get("latest_version"):

ascend_developerkit_url?=?ascend_version_dict.get("url")

ascend_sd_making_url?=?ascend_version_dict.get("sd_making_url")

ubuntu_version?=?ascend_version_dict.get(

"compatibility").get("ubuntu")[0]

else:

version_list?=?ascend_version_dict.get("archived_versions")

for?each_version?in?version_list:

if?ascend_version?==?each_version.get("version"):

ascend_developerkit_url?=?each_version.get("url")

ascend_sd_making_url?=?each_version.get("sd_making_url")

ubuntu_version?=?each_version.get(

"compatibility").get("ubuntu")[0]

break

ubuntu_version_dict?=?version_info_dict.get("ubuntu")

for?each_version?in?ubuntu_version_dict:

if?ubuntu_version?==?each_version.get("version"):

ubuntu_url?=?each_version.get("url")

break

version_info_file.close()

if?ascend_developerkit_url?==?""?or?ascend_sd_making_url?==?""?or?ubuntu_url?==?"":

return?False,?"",?"",?""

return?True,?ascend_developerkit_url,?ascend_sd_making_url,?ubuntu_url

def?process_local_installation(dev_name):

confirm_tips?=?"Please?make?sure?you?have?installed?dependency?packages:"?+?\

"\n\t?apt-get?install?-y?qemu-user-static?binfmt-support?gcc-aarch64-linux-gnu?g++-aarch64-linux-gnu\n"?+?\

"Please?input?Y:?continue,?other?to?install?them:"

confirm?=?input(confirm_tips)?#手動提示輸入

confirm?=?confirm.strip()?#?刪首尾空

if?confirm?!=?"Y"?and?confirm?!=?"y":

return?False

#?刪除日志目錄

execute("rm?-rf?{path}_log/*".format(path=SD_CARD_MAKING_PATH))

#?重新創建日志目錄

execute("mkdir?-p?{path}_log".format(path=SD_CARD_MAKING_PATH))

log_path?=?"{path}_log".format(path=SD_CARD_MAKING_PATH)

#?在當前路徑找有沒有mini_developerkit包

ret,?paths?=?execute(

"find?{path}?-name?\"mini_developerkit*.rar\"".format(path=CURRENT_PATH))

if?not?ret:

print("[ERROR]?Can?not?fine?mini?eveloperkit?package?in?current?path")

return?False

#?只允許有一個mini_developerkit包

if?len(paths)?>?1:

print(

"[ERROR]?Too?many?mini?developerkit?packages,?please?delete?redundant?packages.")

return?False

ascend_developerkit_path?=?paths[0]

ascend_developerkit_file_name?=?os.path.basename(ascend_developerkit_path)

#?看看腳本下面有沒有make-ubuntu-sd.sh

ret,?paths?=?execute(

"find?{path}?-name?\"make-ubuntu-sd.sh\"".format(path=CURRENT_PATH))

if?not?ret:

print("[ERROR]?Can?not?fine?make_ubuntu_sd.sh?in?current?path")

return?False

#?看看腳本下面有沒有ubuntu鏡像，注意下載的鏡像不能亂改名字，如果有錯誤提示

#?要么你沒有下載鏡像，要么你把下載鏡像名字給亂改了

ret,?paths?=?execute(

"find?{path}?-name?\"ubuntu*server*arm*.iso\"".format(path=CURRENT_PATH))

if?not?ret:

print("[ERROR]?Can?not?fine?ubuntu\?package?in?current?path")

return?False

if?len(paths)?>?1:

print("[ERROR]?Too?many?ubuntu?packages,?please?delete?redundant?packages.")

return?False

ubuntu_path?=?paths[0]

ubuntu_file_name?=?os.path.basename(ubuntu_path)

#?這個python腳本就這一句有用，其他都是輔助，或者說整個腳本就這一句起了實際制卡作用

print("Step:?Start?to?make?SD?Card.?It?need?some?time,?please?wait...")

execute(MAKING_SD_CARD_COMMAND.format(path=CURRENT_PATH,?dev_name=dev_name,?pkg_path=CURRENT_PATH,

ubuntu_file_name=ubuntu_file_name,

ascend_developerkit_file_name=ascend_developerkit_file_name,?log_path=log_path))

#?make_ubuntu_sd.result會存儲制卡的結果，如果不是Success就表示出了問題

ret?=?execute("grep?Success?{log_path}/make_ubuntu_sd.result".format(log_path=log_path))

if?not?ret[0]:

#?很多用戶反饋這個錯誤提示后查看日志沒有什么有用信息，我們只能看終端打印的信息排查問題

print("[ERROR]?Making?SD?Card?failed,?please?check?%s/make_ubuntu_sd.log?for?details!"?%?log_path)

return?False

return?True

#?通過網絡方式連接方式安裝，由于安裝包很大，網絡速度等問題，不推薦這種方式

def?process_internet_installation(dev_name,?ascend_version):

print("Step:?Downloading?version?information...")

ret?=?parse_download_info(ascend_version)?#?校驗版本號

#?版本不對就提示一下

if?not?ret[0]:

print("Can?not?find?valid?versions,?please?try?to?get?valid?version:?python3?sd_card_making.py?list")

return?False

ascend_developerkit_url?=?ret[1]

ascend_sd_making_url?=?ret[2]

ubuntu_url?=?ret[3]

execute("rm?-rf?{path}_log/*".format(path=SD_CARD_MAKING_PATH))

execute("mkdir?-p?{path}_log".format(path=SD_CARD_MAKING_PATH))

log_path?=?"{path}_log".format(path=SD_CARD_MAKING_PATH)

#?下載developerkit包，這樣免除了離線的校驗

print("Step:?Downloading?developerkit?package...")

ascend_developerkit_file_name?=?os.path.basename(ascend_developerkit_url)

ascend_developerkit_path?=?os.path.join(

CURRENT_PATH,?ascend_developerkit_file_name)

if?os.path.exists(ascend_developerkit_path):

print("%s?is?already?downloaded,?skip?to?download?it."?%

ascend_developerkit_path)

else:

ret?=?execute_wget("wget?-O?{name}?{url}?--no-check-certificate".format(

name=ascend_developerkit_path,?url=ascend_developerkit_url))

if?not?ret?or?not?os.path.exists(ascend_developerkit_path):

print("[ERROR]?Download?develperkit?package?failed,?Please?check?%s?connection."?%

ascend_developerkit_url)

execute("rm?-rf?{path}".format(path=ascend_developerkit_path))

return?False

#?下載制卡腳本

print("Step:?Downloading?SD?Card?making?scripts...")

ascend_sd_making_file_name?=?os.path.basename(ascend_sd_making_url)

ascend_sd_making_path?=?os.path.join(

CURRENT_PATH,?ascend_sd_making_file_name)

ret?=?execute_wget("wget?-O?{name}?{url}?--no-check-certificate".format(

name=ascend_sd_making_path,?url=ascend_sd_making_url))

if?not?ret?or?not?os.path.exists(ascend_developerkit_path):

print("[ERROR]?Download?SD?Card?making?scripts?failed,?Please?check?%s?connection."?%

ascend_sd_making_url)

execute("rm?-rf?{path}".format(path=ascend_sd_making_path))

return?False

#?下載Ubuntu鏡像

print("Step:?Downloading?Ubuntu?iso...")

ubuntu_file_name?=?os.path.basename(ubuntu_url)

ubuntu_path?=?os.path.join(CURRENT_PATH,?ubuntu_file_name)

if?os.path.exists(ubuntu_path):

print("%s?is?already?downloaded,?skip?to?download?it."?%?ubuntu_path)

else:

ret?=?execute_wget(

"wget?-O?{name}?{url}?--no-check-certificate".format(name=ubuntu_path,?url=ubuntu_url))

if?not?ret?or?not?os.path.exists(ascend_developerkit_path):

print(

"[ERROR]?Download?Ubuntu?iso?failed,?Please?check?%s?connection."?%?ubuntu_url)

execute("rm?-rf?{path}".format(path=ubuntu_path))

return?False

#?安裝一些依賴

print("Step:?Installing?system?dependency...")

ret?=?execute(

"apt-get?install?-y?qemu-user-static?binfmt-support?gcc-aarch64-linux-gnu?g++-aarch64-linux-gnu")

if?not?ret[0]:

print("[ERROR]?Install?system?dependency?failed,?please?check:"?+

"\n\tapt-get?install?-y?qemu-user-static?binfmt-support?gcc-aarch64-linux-gnu?g++-aarch64-linux-gnu\n\tapt-get?install?-y?qemu-user-static?binfmt-support?gcc-aarch64-linux-gnu?g++-aarch64-linux-gnu")

#?執行制卡腳本

print("Step:?Start?to?make?SD?Card.?It?need?some?time,?please?wait...")

execute(MAKING_SD_CARD_COMMAND.format(path=CURRENT_PATH,?dev_name=dev_name,

pkg_path=CURRENT_PATH,?ubuntu_file_name=ubuntu_file_name,

ascend_developerkit_file_name=ascend_developerkit_file_name,

log_path=log_path))

ret?=?execute("grep?Success?{log_path}/make_ubuntu_sd.result".format(log_path=log_path))

if?not?ret[0]:

print("[ERROR]?Making?SD?Card?failed,?please?check?%s/make_ubuntu_sd.log?for?details!"?%?log_path)

return?False

return?True

#?打印一些提示信息

def?print_usage():

print("Usage:?")

print("\t[internet]:?python3?make_sd_card.py?internet?[SD?Name]")

print("\t?????????????????Use?latest?version?to?make?SD?card.")

print("\t[internet]:?python3?make_sd_card.py?internet?[SD?Name]?[Version]")

print("\t?????????????????Use?given?version?to?make?SD?card.")

print("\t[local???]:?python3?make_sd_card.py?local?[SD?Name]")

print("\t?????????????????Use?local?given?packages?to?make?SD?card.")

def?main():

'''sd?card?making'''

command?=?""

dev_name?=?""

version?=?""

#?參數超過3個的，取出執行命令(網絡還是離線)和USB名稱

if?(len(sys.argv)?>=?3):

command?=?sys.argv[1]

dev_name?=?sys.argv[2]

#?參數超過4個的，第4個參數是版本號

if?(len(sys.argv)?>=?4):

version?=?sys.argv[3]

#?參數必須為3個及其以上，否則不會制卡

if?command?==?"internet"?and?(len(sys.argv)?==?3?or?len(sys.argv)?==?4):

print("Begin?to?make?SD?Card...")

elif?command?==?"local"?and?len(sys.argv)?==?3:

print("Begin?to?make?SD?Card...")

else:

print("Invalid?Command!")

print_usage()

exit(-1)

#?檢查U盤名稱是否合法，如果不合法不會制卡

ret?=?check_sd(dev_name)

if?not?ret:

exit(-1)#退出程序

if?command?==?"internet":#?執行在線安裝函數

result?=?process_internet_installation(dev_name,?version)

else:

result?=?process_local_installation(dev_name)#?執行離線安裝函數

#?執行上面的結果為True就是制卡成功，否則就是失敗

if?result:

print("Make?SD?Card?successfully!")

exit(0)

else:

exit(-1)

if?__name__?==?'__main__':

main()?#?程序主函數的入口調用，打開此文件從此函數開始執行

python

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