Oracle 11G單機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)單機(jī)Grid集群（ASM）

一、環(huán)境準(zhǔn)備

1、實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康?/p>

（單臺(tái)機(jī)器）將11.2.0.4的單實(shí)例數(shù)據(jù)庫由文件系統(tǒng)，遷移到ASM單實(shí)例的磁盤組中，并注冊(cè)到集群管理。

2、環(huán)境準(zhǔn)備

3、ASM磁盤組規(guī)劃

5G

EXTERNAL

4、數(shù)據(jù)文件位置記錄

/ORADATA/ORCL

--數(shù)據(jù)文件 SYS@orcl>select name from v$datafile; NAME ------------------------------------------------------------ /oradata/orcl/system01.dbf /oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf /oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf /oradata/orcl/users01.dbf /oradata/orcl/example01.dbf /oradata/orcl/ogg01.dbf 6 rows selected. --控制文件 SYS@orcl>select name from v$controlfile; NAME ------------------------------------------------------------ /oradata/orcl/control01.ctl /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl/control02.ctl --臨時(shí)文件 SYS@orcl>select name from v$tempfile; NAME ------------------------------------------------------------ /oradata/orcl/temp01.dbf --日志文件 SYS@orcl>select member from v$logfile; MEMBER ------------------------------------------------------------ /oradata/orcl/redo03.log /oradata/orcl/redo02.log /oradata/orcl/redo01.log --參數(shù)文件 SYS@orcl>show parameter pfile NAME TYPE VALUE ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- spfile string /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/dbs/spfileorcl.ora

二、Grid軟件安裝

1、創(chuàng)建grid用戶和組

/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 1120 asmadmin /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 1121 asmdba /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 1122 asmoper /usr/sbin/useradd -u 1200 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper,dba,oper grid /usr/sbin/usermod -a -G asmdba oracle echo "oracle" |passwd grid --stdin

2、創(chuàng)建grid文件目錄

mkdir -p /u01/app/11.2.0/grid mkdir -p /u01/app/grid chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/grid chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/11.2.0/grid chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/oraInventory

3、配置grid環(huán)境變量

vi /home/grid/.bash_profile export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8 export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/ export ORACLE_SID=+ASM LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/lib:/lib:/usr/lib:. export LD_LIBRARY_PATH SHLIB_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib32:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/lib32:. export SHLIB_PATH PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:. export PATH CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib export CLASSPATH umask 022 export TMP=/tmp export TMPDIR=$TMP export ORACLE_SRVM_REMOTESHELL=/usr/bin/ssh export ORACLE_SRVM_REMOTECOPY=/usr/bin/scp PS1=$LOGNAME@`hostname`:'$PWD''$ ' umask 022

4、udev+multipath綁定磁盤

--多路徑綁定 yum install -y device-mapper* mpathconf --enable --with_multipathd y mv /etc/multipath.conf /etc/multipath.conf.bak >/dev/null 2>&1 ##配置multipath.conf cat </etc/multipath.conf defaults { user_friendly_names yes } blacklist { devnode "^sda" } EOF multipath -F >/dev/null 2>&1 multipath -v2 >/dev/null 2>&1 multipath -ll --綁定udev ##獲取dm_uuid cd /dev/mapper for i in mpath*; do printf "%s %s\n" "$i" "$(udevadm info --query=all --name=/dev/mapper/$i |grep -i dm_uuid)">>udev_info; done ##寫入99-oracle-asmdevices.rules cat /dev/mapper/udev_info |while read line do dm_uuid=`echo $line |awk -F'=' '{print }'`; disk_name=`echo $line|awk '{print }'`; echo "KERNEL==\"dm-*\",ENV{DM_UUID}==\"${dm_uuid}\",SYMLINK+=\"asm_${disk_name}\",OWNER=\"grid\",GROUP=\"asmadmin\",MODE=\"0660\"">>/etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle-asmdevices.rules done udevadm control --reload-rules udevadm trigger ls -l /dev/asm*

5、用戶資源配置

cat <> /etc/security/limits.conf grid soft nproc 2047 grid hard nproc 16384 grid soft nofile 1024 grid hard nofile 65536 grid soft stack 10240 EOF

6、安裝CVU軟件包

--上傳grid安裝包并解壓 cd /soft unzip -q /soft/p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_3of7.zip --安裝cvu軟件包 yum install -y smartmontools rpm -ivh /soft/grid/rpm/cvuqdisk-1.0.9-1.rpm

7、安裝Grid軟件

1、靜默安裝grid軟件

**? 安裝模式：- HA_CONFIG ?: To configure Grid Infrastructure for stand alone server**

--編輯grid.rsp靜默安裝響應(yīng)文件 cat <> /soft/grid.rsp oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_crsinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0 ORACLE_HOSTNAME=s11g INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en oracle.install.option=HA_CONFIG ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/ oracle.install.asm.OSDBA=asmdba oracle.install.asm.OSOPER=asmoper oracle.install.asm.OSASM=asmadmin oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.scanName= oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.scanPort= oracle.install.crs.config.clusterName= oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.configureGNS=false oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.gnsSubDomain= oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.gnsVIPAddress= oracle.install.crs.config.autoConfigureClusterNodeVIP=false oracle.install.crs.config.clusterNodes= oracle.install.crs.config.networkInterfaceList= oracle.install.crs.config.storageOption= oracle.install.crs.config.sharedFileSystemStorage.diskDriveMapping= oracle.install.crs.config.sharedFileSystemStorage.votingDiskLocations= oracle.install.crs.config.sharedFileSystemStorage.votingDiskRedundancy=NORMAL oracle.install.crs.config.sharedFileSystemStorage.ocrLocations= oracle.install.crs.config.sharedFileSystemStorage.ocrRedundancy=NORMAL oracle.install.crs.config.useIPMI=false oracle.install.crs.config.ipmi.bmcUsername= oracle.install.crs.config.ipmi.bmcPassword= oracle.install.asm.SYSASMPassword=oracle oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.name=OCR oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.redundancy=EXTERNAL oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.AUSize=1 oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.disks=/dev/asm_mpathb oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.diskDiscoveryString=/dev/asm* oracle.install.asm.monitorPassword=oracle oracle.install.crs.upgrade.clusterNodes= oracle.install.asm.upgradeASM=false oracle.installer.autoupdates.option=SKIP_UPDATES oracle.installer.autoupdates.downloadUpdatesLoc= AUTOUPDATES_MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME= AUTOUPDATES_MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD= PROXY_HOST= PROXY_PORT=0 PROXY_USER= PROXY_PWD= PROXY_REALM= EOF --靜默安裝 yum install -y openssh-clients chown -R grid:oinstall /soft/grid/ rm -rf /u01/app/oraInventory/* su - grid -c "/soft/grid/runInstaller -silent -showProgress -ignoreSysPrereqs -ignorePrereq -responseFile /soft/grid.rsp" --執(zhí)行root.sh腳本 /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/root.sh --Create a file that contain all the asm password cfgrsp.properties su - grid cat <> /home/grid/cfgrsp.properties oracle.assistants.asm|S_ASMPASSWORD=oracle oracle.assistants.asm|S_ASMMONITORPASSWORD=oracle EOF --執(zhí)行cfgrsp.properties腳本 /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/cfgtoollogs/configToolAllCommands RESPONSE_FILE=/home/grid/cfgrsp.properties

2、圖形化安裝

略

8、創(chuàng)建ASM磁盤組DATA

su - grid sqlplus / as sysasm SQL> create diskgroup DATA external redundancy disk '/dev/asm_mpathc'; Diskgroup created. SQL> SELECT NAME,state FROM v$asm_diskgroup; NAME STATE ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- OCR MOUNTED DATA MOUNTED select NAME,TOTAL_MB/1024 "TOTAL/G",FREE_MB/1024 "FREE/G",round(FREE_MB/TOTAL_MB*100)||'%' Per_Free,state from v$asm_diskgroup； NAME TOTAL/G FREE/G PER_FREE STATE -------------------- ---------- ---------- -------------------- ------------------- OCR 10 9.94238281 99% MOUNTED DATA 5 4.95117188 99% MOUNTED ASMCMD [+] > lsdg State Type Rebal Sector Block AU Total_MB Free_MB Req_mir_free_MB Usable_file_MB Offline_disks Voting_files Name MOUNTED EXTERN N 512 4096 1048576 5120 5070 0 5070 0 N DATA/ MOUNTED EXTERN N 512 4096 1048576 10240 10181 0 10181 0 N OCR/

9、檢查ASM實(shí)例

grid@s11g:/home/grid$ crsctl stat res -t -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME TARGET STATE SERVER STATE_DETAILS -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Local Resources -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ora.DATA.dg ONLINE ONLINE s11g ora.LISTENER.lsnr ONLINE ONLINE s11g ora.OCR.dg ONLINE ONLINE s11g ora.asm ONLINE ONLINE s11g Started ora.ons OFFLINE OFFLINE s11g -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cluster Resources -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ora.cssd 1 ONLINE ONLINE s11g ora.diskmon 1 OFFLINE OFFLINE ora.evmd 1 ONLINE ONLINE s11g

三、單實(shí)例數(shù)據(jù)文件遷移至ASM磁盤組（RMAN）

1、編輯參數(shù)文件指定新的控制文件路徑

SYS@orcl>create pfile='/home/oracle/pfile.ora' from spfile; File created. --修改參數(shù)文件 *.control_files='+DATA/orcl/controlfile/control01.ctl','+DATA/orcl/controlfile/control02.ctl' *.db_recovery_file_dest='+DATA' *.db_create_file_dest='+DATA' *.log_archive_dest_1='location=+DATA'

2、啟動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)庫到nomount模式

SYS@orcl>shutdown immediate Database closed. Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. SYS@orcl>startup mount ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 1336176640 bytes Fixed Size 2253024 bytes Variable Size 838864672 bytes Database Buffers 486539264 bytes Redo Buffers 8519680 bytes Database mounted. SYS@orcl>alter database archivelog; Database altered. SYS@orcl>shutdown immediate Database closed. Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. SYS@orcl> SYS@orcl>startup nomount pfile='/home/oracle/pfile.ora'; ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 839282688 bytes Fixed Size 2257880 bytes Variable Size 281021480 bytes Database Buffers 553648128 bytes Redo Buffers 2355200 bytes

3、RMAN恢復(fù)控制文件

關(guān)鍵：

1、需要執(zhí)行?setasmgidwrap -o $ORACLE_HOME

2、執(zhí)行完上一步之后，需要重啟數(shù)據(jù)庫實(shí)例到nomount

3、由于使用RMAN，需要提前開啟歸檔模式

RMAN> restore controlfile from '/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl'; Starting restore at 28-MAR-21 using target database control file instead of recovery catalog allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=13 device type=DISK RMAN-00571: =========================================================== RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS =============== RMAN-00571: =========================================================== RMAN-03002: failure of restore command at 03/28/2021 05:20:18 ORA-19504: failed to create file "+DATA/control01.ctl" ORA-17502: ksfdcre:3 Failed to create file +DATA/control01.ctl ORA-15001: diskgroup "DATA" does not exist or is not mounted ORA-15040: diskgroup is incomplete ORA-19600: input file is control file (/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl) ORA-19601: output file is control file (+DATA/control01.ctl) --這里由于oracle software是先于grid安裝，所以權(quán)限不對(duì) [oracle@s11g ~]$ ll /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/bin/oracle -rwxrwxr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 239626683 Mar 26 12:51 /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/bin/oracle --因此要先執(zhí)行setasmgidwrap -o $ORACLE_HOME grid@s11g:/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin$ setasmgidwrap -o /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/bin/oracle [root@s11g ~]# ll /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/bin/oracle -rwsr-s--x 1 oracle asmadmin 239626641 Mar 26 14:52 /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/bin/oracle --這里執(zhí)行完之后，需要重啟數(shù)據(jù)庫實(shí)例，這一步很重要，不然報(bào)錯(cuò) [oracle@s11g ~]$ rman target / Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Sun Mar 28 05:23:01 2021 Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. RMAN-00571: =========================================================== RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS =============== RMAN-00571: =========================================================== RMAN-00554: initialization of internal recovery manager package failed RMAN-04005: error from target database: ORA-27140: attach to post/wait facility failed ORA-27300: OS system dependent operation:invalid_egid failed with status: 1 ORA-27301: OS failure message: Operation not permitted ORA-27302: failure occurred at: skgpwinit6 ORA-27303: additional information: startup egid = 54321 (oinstall), current egid = 1120 (asmadmin) --恢復(fù)控制文件 RMAN> restore controlfile from '/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl'; Starting restore at 26-MAR-21 using target database control file instead of recovery catalog allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=30 device type=DISK channel ORA_DISK_1: copied control file copy output file name=+DATA/orcl/controlfile/control01.ctl output file name=+DATA/orcl/controlfile/control02.ctl Finished restore at 26-MAR-21

4、啟動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)庫到mount模式

RMAN> alter database mount; database mounted released channel: ORA_DISK_1

5、RMAN Copy 數(shù)據(jù)文件

RMAN> backup as copy database format '+DATA';

6、RMAN Switch 數(shù)據(jù)文件

RMAN> switch database to copy;

7、RMAN Switch 臨時(shí)文件，并打開數(shù)據(jù)庫

run { set newname for tempfile 1 to '+DATA'; switch tempfile all; } executing command: SET NEWNAME renamed tempfile 1 to +DATA in control file RMAN> alter database open; database opened

8、遷移重做日志文件

關(guān)鍵：這里DROP LOGFILE時(shí)順序要從后往前刪，否則報(bào)錯(cuò)：

ERROR at line 1: ORA-00362: member is required to form a valid logfile in group 2 ORA-01517: log member: '/oradata/orcl/redo02.log’

--查看未遷移前的日志文件 SYS@orcl>set line222 col member for a60 SYS@orcl>SELECT a.group#, b.member, a.status FROM v$log a, v$logfile b WHERE a.group#=b.group#; GROUP# MEMBER STATUS ---------- ------------------------------------------------------------ ----------- 3 /oradata/orcl/redo03.log INACTIVE 2 /oradata/orcl/redo02.log CURRENT 1 /oradata/orcl/redo01.log INACTIVE --遷移過程（中間可以需要多次切換日志，將日志切換到INACTIVE才可以drop） ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE MEMBER '+DATA' TO GROUP 1; ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE MEMBER '+DATA' TO GROUP 2; ALTER DATABASE ADD LOGFILE MEMBER '+DATA' TO GROUP 3; ALTER SYSTEM SWITCH LOGFILE; ALTER DATABASE DROP LOGFILE MEMBER '/oradata/orcl/redo03.log'; ALTER SYSTEM SWITCH LOGFILE; ALTER DATABASE DROP LOGFILE MEMBER '/oradata/orcl/redo02.log'; ALTER SYSTEM SWITCH LOGFILE; ALTER DATABASE DROP LOGFILE MEMBER '/oradata/orcl/redo01.log'; ALTER SYSTEM CHECKPOINT; --遷移后的日志文件 SYS@orcl>SELECT a.group#, b.member, a.status FROM v$log a, v$logfile b WHERE a.group#=b.group#; GROUP# MEMBER STATUS ---------- ------------------------------------------------------------ ---------------- 1 +DATA/orcl/onlinelog/group_1.280.1068223535 INACTIVE 2 +DATA/orcl/onlinelog/group_2.281.1068223535 INACTIVE 3 +DATA/orcl/onlinelog/group_3.282.1068223535 CURRENT

9、服務(wù)器參數(shù)文件，并重啟數(shù)據(jù)庫

--查看spfile文件是否創(chuàng)建 SYS@orcl>show parameter pfile NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ spfile string --創(chuàng)建spfile文件 SYS@orcl>create spfile='+DATA/orcl/spfileorcl.ora' from pfile='/home/oracle/pfile.ora'; File created. --查看生成的spfile文件 ASMCMD> ls ARCHIVELOG/ CONTROLFILE/ DATAFILE/ ONLINELOG/ PARAMETERFILE/ TEMPFILE/ spfileorcl.ora --修改dbs下spfile文件 cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs rm -rf spfileorcl.ora cat <> initorcl.ora spfile=+DATA/orcl/spfileorcl.ora EOF --重啟數(shù)據(jù)庫 shutdown immediate startup

10、驗(yàn)證各文件存儲(chǔ)位置（都已切換到ASM磁盤組DATA下）

select name from v$datafile union all select name from v$tempfile union all select member from v$logfile union all select name from v$controlfile; NAME -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- +DATA/orcl/datafile/system.273.1068222147 +DATA/orcl/datafile/sysaux.274.1068222153 +DATA/orcl/datafile/undotbs1.276.1068222159 +DATA/orcl/datafile/users.278.1068222161 +DATA/orcl/datafile/example.275.1068222157 +DATA/orcl/tempfile/temp.279.1068223335 +DATA/orcl/onlinelog/group_1.280.1068223535 +DATA/orcl/onlinelog/group_2.281.1068223535 +DATA/orcl/onlinelog/group_3.282.1068223535 +DATA/orcl/controlfile/control01.ctl +DATA/orcl/controlfile/control02.ctl 11 rows selected. SYS@orcl>show parameter pfile NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ spfile string +DATA/orcl/spfileorcl.ora

四、注冊(cè)到Grid集群

[oracle@s11g ~]$ srvctl add database -d orcl -o /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db -p +DATA/orcl/spfileorcl.ora -n orcl -a DATA [oracle@s11g ~]$ srvctl config database -d orcl Database unique name: orcl Database name: orcl Oracle home: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db Oracle user: oracle Spfile: +DATA/orcl/spfileorcl.ora Domain: Start options: open Stop options: immediate Database role: PRIMARY Management policy: AUTOMATIC Database instance: orcl Disk Groups: DATA Services: grid@s11g:/home/grid$ crs_stat -v -t Name Type R/RA F/FT Target State Host ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ora.DATA.dg ora....up.type 0/5 0/ ONLINE ONLINE s11g ora....ER.lsnr ora....er.type 0/5 0/ ONLINE ONLINE s11g ora.OCR.dg ora....up.type 0/5 0/ ONLINE ONLINE s11g ora.asm ora.asm.type 0/5 0/ ONLINE ONLINE s11g ora.cssd ora.cssd.type 0/5 0/5 ONLINE ONLINE s11g ora.diskmon ora....on.type 0/10 0/5 OFFLINE OFFLINE ora.evmd ora.evm.type 0/10 0/5 ONLINE ONLINE s11g ora.ons ora.ons.type 0/3 0/ OFFLINE OFFLINE ora.orcl.db ora....se.type 0/2 0/1 OFFLINE OFFLINE grid@s11g:/home/grid$ srvctl start database -d orcl grid@s11g:/home/grid$ crs_stat -v -t Name Type R/RA F/FT Target State Host ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ora.DATA.dg ora....up.type 0/5 0/ ONLINE ONLINE s11g ora....ER.lsnr ora....er.type 0/5 0/ ONLINE ONLINE s11g ora.OCR.dg ora....up.type 0/5 0/ ONLINE ONLINE s11g ora.asm ora.asm.type 0/5 0/ ONLINE ONLINE s11g ora.cssd ora.cssd.type 0/5 0/5 ONLINE ONLINE s11g ora.diskmon ora....on.type 0/10 0/5 OFFLINE OFFLINE ora.evmd ora.evm.type 0/10 0/5 ONLINE ONLINE s11g ora.ons ora.ons.type 0/3 0/ OFFLINE OFFLINE ora.orcl.db ora....se.type 0/2 0/1 ONLINE ONLINE s11g

Oracle

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版權(quán)聲明：本文內(nèi)容由網(wǎng)絡(luò)用戶投稿，版權(quán)歸原作者所有，本站不擁有其著作權(quán)，亦不承擔(dān)相應(yīng)法律責(zé)任。如果您發(fā)現(xiàn)本站中有涉嫌抄襲或描述失實(shí)的內(nèi)容，請(qǐng)聯(lián)系我們jiasou666@gmail.com 處理，核實(shí)后本網(wǎng)站將在24小時(shí)內(nèi)刪除侵權(quán)內(nèi)容。