ADG單實例搭建系列之（Active Database Duplicate Using Image Copies）

參考自：Data Guard Physical Standby Setup in Oracle Database 11g Release 2

MOS文檔：Step by Step Guide on Creating Physical Standby Using RMAN DUPLICATE…FROM ACTIVE DATABASE (Doc ID 1075908.1)

官方文檔：Duplicating Databases

一、Active Database Duplicate步驟（Using Image Copies）

1.配置主庫DG參數，備庫根據主庫的PFILE,設置參數值,生成備庫SPFILE. 2.配置hosts文件，配置TNS，配置靜態監聽，添加standby log文件. 3.拷貝主庫的密碼文件至備庫，備庫創建PFILE中不存在的目錄. 4.把備庫啟動到nomount狀態. 5.RMAN同時連接主庫與備庫，執行duplicate命令.

注：由于Active Database Duplicate無需提前備份，而是通過網絡在線copy數據庫文件，對主庫的CPU等負載要求較高，因此最好在空閑時間進行操作，對于TB級別的數據庫，使用Active Duplicate進行DG搭建效率較高，節省空間，但是對網絡要求較高；源庫必須使用SPFILE。

二、環境準備

Notes：

1、db_unique_name主備庫不能相同。

2、db_name主備庫需保持一致。

3、主備庫DB版本需保持一致。

三、搭建過程

1、Oracle軟件安裝

主庫一鍵安裝：

./AllOracleSilent.sh -i 192.168.56.120 -d 11g -n orcl -o orcl -b /u01/app -s AL32UTF8

備庫一鍵安裝：（備庫僅安裝ORACLE軟件，不建庫）

./AllOracleSilent.sh -i 192.168.56.121 -d 11g -w Y -n orcl_stby -o orcl -b /u01/app -s AL32UTF8

一鍵安裝腳本可參考：ORACLE一鍵安裝單機11G/12C/18C/19C并建庫腳本

2、環境配置

a.配置hosts文件

主庫：

cat <> /etc/hosts ##FOR DG BEGIN 192.168.56.121 orcl_stby ##FOR DG END EOF

備庫：

cat <> /etc/hosts ##FOR DG BEGIN 192.168.56.120 orcl ##FOR DG END EOF

b.配置靜態監聽和TNS

主庫+備庫：

Notes：注意這里的GLOBAL_DBNAME和service_name保持一致，即備庫需要改為 orcl_stby。

##listener.ora su - oracle -c "cat <> /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/network/admin/listener.ora ##FOR DG BEGIN SID_LIST_LISTENER = (SID_LIST = (SID_DESC = (GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl) (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db) (SID_NAME = orcl) ) ) ##FOR DG END EOF" ##重啟監聽 su - oracle -c "lsnrctl stop" su - oracle -c "lsnrctl start" ##tnsnames.ora su - oracle -c "cat <> /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/network/admin/tnsnames.ora ##FOR DG BEGIN ORCL = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = orcl)(PORT = 1521)) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVICE_NAME = orcl) ) ) ORCL_STBY = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = orcl_stby)(PORT = 1521)) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVICE_NAME = orcl_stby) ) ) ##FOR DG BEGIN EOF"

c.主庫配置參數

select log_mode,force_logging from gv$database; LOG_MODE FOR ------------ --- NOARCHIVELOG NO --開啟歸檔模式 shutdown immediate startup mount alter database archivelog; alter database open; --開啟強制日志模式 alter database force logging; --查看數據文件路徑是否一致，OMF參數建議關閉 select name from v$datafile; show parameter db_create_file_dest alter system reset db_create_file_dest; --NOTES:如果數據文件路徑不一致，duplicate將失敗。 --設置DG參數 ALTER SYSTEM SET LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(ORCL,ORCL_STBY)'; ALTER SYSTEM SET LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='LOCATION=/archivelog VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=ORCL'; ALTER SYSTEM SET LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=orcl_stby ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=ORCL_STBY'; ALTER SYSTEM SET LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=DEFER; ALTER SYSTEM SET LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT='%t_%s_%r.arc' SCOPE=SPFILE; ALTER SYSTEM SET LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESSES=4; ALTER SYSTEM SET REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE=EXCLUSIVE SCOPE=SPFILE; ALTER SYSTEM SET FAL_SERVER=ORCL_STBY; ALTER SYSTEM SET FAL_CLIENT=ORCL; ALTER SYSTEM SET DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='/oradata/orcl','/oradata/orcl' SCOPE=SPFILE; ALTER SYSTEM SET LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='/oradata/orcl','/oradata/orcl' SCOPE=SPFILE; ALTER SYSTEM SET STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO;

d.生成備庫pfile文件并修改，復制參數文件和密碼文件至備庫

create pfile='/tmp/initorcl_stby.ora' from spfile; --修改的部分： *.db_unique_name=orcl_stby *.fal_client='ORCL_STBY' *.fal_server='ORCL' *.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(ORCL_STBY,ORCL)' *.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/archivelog VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=ORCL_STBY' *.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=orcl ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=ORCL' --復制參數文件至備庫（備庫執行） scp oracle@orcl:/tmp/initorcl_stby.ora /tmp --復制密碼文件至備庫（備庫執行）,要在oracle用戶下復制 su - oracle scp oracle@orcl:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/dbs/orapworcl /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/dbs

e.主庫添加stanby log文件

set line222 col member for a60 select t2.thread#,t1.group#,t1.member,t2.bytes/1024/1024 from gv$logfile t1,gv$log t2 where t1.group#=t2.group#; THREAD# GROUP# MEMBER T2.BYTES/1024/1024 ---------- ---------- ------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------ 1 3 /oradata/orcl/redo03.log 120 1 2 /oradata/orcl/redo02.log 120 1 1 /oradata/orcl/redo01.log 120 --需要注意： --1.stanby log日志大小與redo log日志保持一致 --2.stanby log數量： standby logfile=(1+logfile組數)*thread=(1+3)*1=4組,需要加4組standby logfile. --3.thread要與redo log保持一致，如果是rac，需要增加多個thread對應的standby log ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE thread 1 group 4 ('/oradata/orcl/standby_redo04.log') SIZE 120M, group 5 ('/oradata/orcl/standby_redo05.log') SIZE 120M, group 6 ('/oradata/orcl/standby_redo06.log') SIZE 120M, group 7 ('/oradata/orcl/standby_redo07.log') SIZE 120M;

f.備庫創建db目錄，開啟到nomount狀態

su - oracle -c "mkdir -p /oradata/orcl" su - oracle -c "mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl" su - oracle -c "mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump" sqlplus / as sysdba create spfile from pfile='/tmp/initorcl_stby.ora'; startup nomount

3、?RMAN DUPLICATE

rman target sys/oracle@orcl AUXILIARY sys/oracle@orcl_stby run { allocate channel prmy1 type disk; allocate channel prmy2 type disk; allocate auxiliary channel aux1 type disk; allocate auxiliary channel aux2 type disk; DUPLICATE TARGET DATABASE FOR STANDBY FROM ACTIVE DATABASE DORECOVER NOFILENAMECHECK; }

4、備庫開啟日志應用

alter database open read only; ALTER DATABASE RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE USING CURRENT LOGFILE DISCONNECT FROM SESSION; select database_role,open_mode from v$database; DATABASE_ROLE OPEN_MODE ---------------- -------------------- PHYSICAL STANDBY READ ONLY WITH APPLY SQL> SELECT protection_mode FROM v$database; PROTECTION_MODE -------------------- MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE

5、主庫開啟LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2

ALTER SYSTEM SET LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE;

6、測試同步情況

set line222 col member for a60 --查看是否存在RFS和MRP進程 select process,group#,thread#,sequence# from gv$managed_standby; --查看standby日志status是否存在active select t1.group#,t1.thread#,t1.bytes/1024/1024,t1.status,t2.member from gv$standby_log t1,gv$logfile t2 where t1.group#=t2.group#; --主庫建表空間，建用戶，建表，增刪改測試 create tablespace TEST datafile '/oradata/orcl/test01.dbf' size 100M autoextend off; create user test identified by test; grant dba to test; conn test/test create table test(id number); insert into test values (1); insert into test values (2); commit; --備庫查看是否同步 SQL> select tablespace_name from dba_tablespaces where tablespace_name='TEST'; TABLESPACE_NAME ------------------------------ TEST SQL> select username,account_status,created from dba_users where username='TEST'; USERNAME ACCOUNT_STATUS CREATED ------------------------------ -------------------------------- ------------------ TEST OPEN 17-APR-21 SQL> select * from test.test; ID ---------- 1 2

Image

版權聲明：本文內容由網絡用戶投稿，版權歸原作者所有，本站不擁有其著作權，亦不承擔相應法律責任。如果您發現本站中有涉嫌抄襲或描述失實的內容，請聯系我們jiasou666@gmail.com 處理，核實后本網站將在24小時內刪除侵權內容。