HarmonyOS實戰(zhàn)一原子化服務(wù)初嘗試(ClockFACardDemo學(xué)習(xí))

對于對象關(guān)系映射型數(shù)據(jù)庫的學(xué)習(xí)，小伙伴移步HarmonyOS Developer學(xué)習(xí)，這個不在多介紹：https://developer.harmonyos.com/cn/docs/documentation/doc-guides/database-orm-guidelines-0000000000030063

我們想看看官方文檔里怎么說。創(chuàng)建一個FormAbility，覆寫卡片相關(guān)回調(diào)函數(shù)。

onCreateForm(Intent intent)

onUpdateForm(long formId)

onDeleteForm(long formId)

onCastTempForm(long formId)

onEventNotify(Map formEvents)

在onCreateForm(Intent intent)中，當(dāng)卡片使用方請求獲取卡片時，卡片提供方會被拉起并調(diào)用onCreateForm(Intent intent)回調(diào)，intent中會帶有卡片ID，卡片名稱，臨時卡片標(biāo)記和卡片外觀規(guī)格信息，分別通過

AbilitySlice.PARAM_FORM_IDENTITY_KEY、

AbilitySlice.PARAM_FORM_NAME_KEY、

AbilitySlice.PARAM_FORM_TEMORARY_KEY和

AbilitySlice.PARAM_FORM_DIMENSION_KEY按需獲取。

提供方可以通過AbilitySlice.PARAM_FORM_CUSTOMIZE_KEY獲取卡片使用方設(shè)置的自定義數(shù)據(jù)。

卡片使用方:顯示卡片內(nèi)容的宿主應(yīng)用，控制卡片在宿主中展示的位置

卡片提供方:提供卡片顯示內(nèi)容的HarmonyOS Service/HarmonyOS Application，控制卡片的顯示內(nèi)容、控件布局以及控件點擊事件

public class FormAbility extends Ability { ...... @Override public void onStart(Intent intent) { super.onStart(intent); ...... } @Override protected ProviderFormInfo onCreateForm(Intent intent) { long formId = intent.getLongParam(AbilitySlice.PARAM_FORM_IDENTITY_KEY, 0); String formName = intent.getStringParam(AbilitySlice.PARAM_FORM_NAME_KEY); int specificationId = intent.getIntParam(AbilitySlice.PARAM_FORM_DIMENSION_KEY, 0); boolean tempFlag = intent.getBooleanParam(AbilitySlice.PARAM_FORM_TEMPORARY_KEY, false); // 獲取自定義數(shù)據(jù) IntentParams intentParams = intent.getParam(AbilitySlice.PARAM_FORM_CUSTOMIZE_KEY); HiLog.info(LABEL_LOG, "onCreateForm: " + formId + " " + formName + " " + specificationId); // 開發(fā)者需要根據(jù)卡片的名稱以及外觀規(guī)格獲取對應(yīng)的xml布局并構(gòu)造卡片對象，此處ResourceTable.Layout_form_ability_layout_2_2僅為示例 ProviderFormInfo formInfo = new ProviderFormInfo(ResourceTable.Layout_form_ability_layout_2_2, this); // 獲取卡片信息 String formData = getInitFormData(formName, specificationId); ComponentProvider componentProvider = new ComponentProvider(); componentProvider.setText(ResourceTable.Id_title, "formData-" + formData); formInfo.mergeActions(componentProvider); ...... HiLog.info(LABEL_LOG, "onCreateForm finish......."); return formInfo; } @Override protected void onDeleteForm(long formId) { super.onDeleteForm(formId); // 刪除卡片實例數(shù)據(jù)，需要由開發(fā)者實現(xiàn) deleteFormInfo(formId); ...... } @Override // 若卡片支持定時更新/定點更新/卡片使用方主動請求更新功能，則提供方需要覆寫該方法以支持?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)更新 protected void onUpdateForm(long formId) { super.onUpdateForm(formId); // 更新卡片信息，由開發(fā)者實現(xiàn) ...... } @Override protected void onCastTempForm(long formId) { // 使用方將臨時卡片轉(zhuǎn)換為常態(tài)卡片觸發(fā)，提供方需要做相應(yīng)的處理，將數(shù)據(jù)持久化。 super.onCastTempForm (formId); ...... } @Override protected void onEventNotify(Map formEvents) { // 使用方發(fā)起可見或者不可見通知觸發(fā)，提供方需要做相應(yīng)的處理，比如卡片可見時刷新卡片，僅系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用能收到該回調(diào)。 super.onEventNotify(formEvents); ...... } }

了解更多見Java卡片開發(fā)指導(dǎo):https://developer.harmonyos.com/cn/docs/documentation/doc-guides/ability-service-widget-provider-java-0000001104082220

我們看看Demo里怎么寫的：覆蓋了

onDeleteForm（當(dāng)卡片被刪除時，需要重寫onDeleteForm方法，根據(jù)卡片id刪除卡片實例數(shù)據(jù)：）和

onCreateForm·(當(dāng)卡片使用方請求獲取卡片時，卡片提供方會被拉起并調(diào)用onCreateForm回調(diào)函數(shù)，完成卡片信息的初始化)

package com.huawei.cookbooks; import com.huawei.cookbooks.database.Form; import com.huawei.cookbooks.database.FormDatabase; import com.huawei.cookbooks.slice.ClockCardSlice; import com.huawei.cookbooks.utils.ComponentProviderUtils; import com.huawei.cookbooks.utils.DatabaseUtils; import ohos.aafwk.ability.Ability; import ohos.aafwk.ability.AbilitySlice; import ohos.aafwk.ability.ProviderFormInfo; import ohos.aafwk.content.Intent; import ohos.aafwk.content.Operation; import ohos.agp.components.ComponentProvider; import ohos.data.DatabaseHelper; import ohos.data.orm.OrmContext; import ohos.hiviewdfx.HiLog; import ohos.hiviewdfx.HiLogLabel; /** * Card Main Ability 主程序入口，由DevEco Studio生成，開發(fā)者需要重寫創(chuàng)建、刪除卡片等方法。 */ public class MainAbility extends Ability { private static final HiLogLabel LABEL_LOG = new HiLogLabel(0, 0, "com.huawei.cookbooks.MainAbility"); // TODO 卡片一 private static final int DEFAULT_DIMENSION_2X2 = 2; // TODO 卡片二 private static final int DEFAULT_DIMENSION_2X4 = 3; private static final String EMPTY_STRING = ""; private static final int INVALID_FORM_ID = -1; private long formId; // TODO 卡片對象 private ProviderFormInfo formInfo; // TODO 數(shù)據(jù)庫服務(wù)對象 private DatabaseHelper helper = new DatabaseHelper(this); // TODO 數(shù)據(jù)庫連接對象 private OrmContext connect; /** * TODO 項目啟動方法，啟動定時服務(wù) * @param intent */ @Override public void onStart(Intent intent) { super.onStart(intent); // TODO 建立數(shù)據(jù)庫連接 connect = helper.getOrmContext("FormDatabase", "FormDatabase.db", FormDatabase.class); // TODO 啟動TimerAbility Intent intentService = new Intent(); Operation operation = new Intent.OperationBuilder() .withDeviceId("") .withBundleName(getBundleName()) .withAbilityName(TimerAbility.class.getName()) .build(); intentService.setOperation(operation); startAbility(intentService); super.setMainRoute(ClockCardSlice.class.getName()); } //當(dāng)卡片使用方請求獲取卡片時，卡片提供方會被拉起并調(diào)用onCreateForm回調(diào)函數(shù)，完成卡片信息的初始化 @Override protected ProviderFormInfo onCreateForm(Intent intent) { if (intent == null) { return new ProviderFormInfo(); } // 獲取卡片id formId = INVALID_FORM_ID; if (intent.hasParameter(AbilitySlice.PARAM_FORM_IDENTITY_KEY)) { formId = intent.getLongParam(AbilitySlice.PARAM_FORM_IDENTITY_KEY, INVALID_FORM_ID); } else { return new ProviderFormInfo(); } // 獲取卡片名稱 String formName = EMPTY_STRING; if (intent.hasParameter(AbilitySlice.PARAM_FORM_NAME_KEY)) { formName = intent.getStringParam(AbilitySlice.PARAM_FORM_NAME_KEY); } // 獲取卡片規(guī)格 int dimension = DEFAULT_DIMENSION_2X2; if (intent.hasParameter(AbilitySlice.PARAM_FORM_DIMENSION_KEY)) { dimension = intent.getIntParam(AbilitySlice.PARAM_FORM_DIMENSION_KEY, DEFAULT_DIMENSION_2X2); } int layoutId = ResourceTable.Layout_form_image_with_info_date_card_2_2; if (dimension == DEFAULT_DIMENSION_2X4) { layoutId = ResourceTable.Layout_form_image_with_info_date_card_2_4; } formInfo = new ProviderFormInfo(layoutId, this); // 存儲卡片信息 Form form = new Form(formId, formName, dimension); ComponentProvider componentProvider = ComponentProviderUtils.getComponentProvider(form, this); formInfo.mergeActions(componentProvider); if (connect == null) { connect = helper.getOrmContext("FormDatabase", "FormDatabase.db", FormDatabase.class); } try { DatabaseUtils.insertForm(form, connect); } catch (Exception e) { DatabaseUtils.deleteFormData(form.getFormId(), connect); } return formInfo; } // todo 當(dāng)卡片被刪除時，需要重寫onDeleteForm方法，根據(jù)卡片id刪除卡片實例數(shù)據(jù)： @Override protected void onDeleteForm(long formId) { super.onDeleteForm(formId); // 刪除數(shù)據(jù)庫中的卡片信息 DatabaseUtils.deleteFormData(formId, connect); } }

卡片數(shù)據(jù)服務(wù)：為了方便處理·時鐘卡片刷新的定時任務(wù)，我們創(chuàng)建了一個Service Ability，定時去更新卡片信息，在TimerAbility.java中

package com.huawei.cookbooks; import com.huawei.cookbooks.database.Form; import com.huawei.cookbooks.database.FormDatabase; import com.huawei.cookbooks.utils.ComponentProviderUtils; import com.huawei.cookbooks.utils.DatabaseUtils; import ohos.aafwk.ability.Ability; import ohos.aafwk.ability.FormException; import ohos.aafwk.content.Intent; import ohos.agp.components.ComponentProvider; import ohos.data.DatabaseHelper; import ohos.data.orm.OrmContext; import ohos.data.orm.OrmPredicates; import ohos.hiviewdfx.HiLog; import ohos.hiviewdfx.HiLogLabel; import ohos.rpc.IRemoteObject; import java.util.List; import java.util.Timer; import java.util.TimerTask; /** * Time PA 時鐘更新Service Ability。 */ public class TimerAbility extends Ability { private static final HiLogLabel LABEL_LOG = new HiLogLabel(3, 0xD001100, "Demo"); private static final long SEND_PERIOD = 1000L; private DatabaseHelper helper = new DatabaseHelper(this); private OrmContext connect; @Override public void onStart(Intent intent) { HiLog.info(LABEL_LOG, "TimerAbility::onStart"); connect = helper.getOrmContext("FormDatabase", "FormDatabase.db", FormDatabase.class); startTimer(); super.onStart(intent); } // 卡片更新定時器，每秒更新一次 private void startTimer() { Timer timer = new Timer(); timer.schedule( new TimerTask() { @Override public void run() { updateForms(); } }, 0, SEND_PERIOD); } private void updateForms() { // 從數(shù)據(jù)庫中獲取卡片信息 OrmPredicates ormPredicates = new OrmPredicates(Form.class); List formList = connect.query(ormPredicates); // 更新時分秒 if (formList.size() <= 0) { return; } for (Form form : formList) { // 遍歷卡片列表更新卡片 ComponentProvider componentProvider = ComponentProviderUtils.getComponentProvider(form, this); try { Long updateFormId = form.getFormId(); updateForm(updateFormId, componentProvider); } catch (FormException e) { // 刪除不存在的卡片 DatabaseUtils.deleteFormData(form.getFormId(), connect); HiLog.error(LABEL_LOG, "onUpdateForm updateForm error"); } } } @Override public void onBackground() { super.onBackground(); HiLog.info(LABEL_LOG, "TimerAbility::onBackground"); } @Override public void onStop() { super.onStop(); HiLog.info(LABEL_LOG, "TimerAbility::onStop"); } }

有關(guān)卡片組件的更新，封裝了ComponentProviderUtils這個類，在卡片更新時候，通過調(diào)用updateForm方法，傳入?yún)?shù)formId和componentProvider.

package com.huawei.cookbooks.utils; import com.huawei.cookbooks.ResourceTable; import com.huawei.cookbooks.database.Form; import ohos.agp.components.ComponentProvider; import ohos.agp.utils.Color; import ohos.app.Context; import java.util.Calendar; /** * Component ProviderUtils 提供獲取ComponentProvider對象的方法，用于卡片組件的更新。 */ public class ComponentProviderUtils { // 當(dāng)前星期顏色 private static Color nowWeekColor = new Color(Color.rgb(255, 245, 238)); // 原色星期 private static Color primaryWeekColor = new Color(Color.rgb(192, 192, 192)); private static final int WEEK_DAYS = 7; private static final int STRING_LENGTH = 2; private static final int DIM_VERSION = 3; private static final int SUNDAY = 1; private static final int MONDAY = 2; private static final int TUESDAY = 3; private static final int WEDNESDAY = 4; private static final int THURSDAY = 5; private static final int FRIDAY = 6; private static final int SATURDAY = 7; /** * Obtain the day of the week * * @return week */ public static int getWeekDayId() { Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance(); int week = calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK); int result = getWeekIdResult(week); return result; } /** * get week component id * * @param week week * @return component id */ private static int getWeekIdResult(int week) { int result = ResourceTable.Id_mon; switch (week) { case SUNDAY: result = ResourceTable.Id_sun; break; case MONDAY: result = ResourceTable.Id_mon; break; case TUESDAY: result = ResourceTable.Id_tue; break; case WEDNESDAY: result = ResourceTable.Id_wed; break; case THURSDAY: result = ResourceTable.Id_thu; break; case FRIDAY: result = ResourceTable.Id_fri; break; case SATURDAY: result = ResourceTable.Id_sat; break; default: result = ResourceTable.Id_sun; break; } return result; } /** * Obtains the ComponentProvider object * * @param form form info * @param context context * @return component provider */ public static ComponentProvider getComponentProvider(Form form, Context context) { int layoutId = ResourceTable.Layout_form_image_with_info_date_card_2_2; if (form.getDimension() == DIM_VERSION) { layoutId = ResourceTable.Layout_form_image_with_info_date_card_2_4; } ComponentProvider componentProvider = new ComponentProvider(layoutId, context); setComponentProviderValue(componentProvider); return componentProvider; } /** * Time converted to string * * @param time time * @return time string */ private static String int2String(int time) { String timeString; if (String.valueOf(time).length() < STRING_LENGTH) { timeString = "0" + time; } else { timeString = time + ""; } return timeString; } /** * Set the value of componentProvider * * @param componentProvider component provider */ private static void setComponentProviderValue(ComponentProvider componentProvider) { Calendar now = Calendar.getInstance(); int hour = now.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY); int min = now.get(Calendar.MINUTE); int second = now.get(Calendar.SECOND); String hourString = int2String(hour); String minString = int2String(min); String secondString = int2String(second); componentProvider.setText(ResourceTable.Id_date, DateUtils.getCurrentDate("yyyy-MM-dd")); componentProvider.setText(ResourceTable.Id_hour, hourString); componentProvider.setText(ResourceTable.Id_min, minString); componentProvider.setText(ResourceTable.Id_sec, secondString); // 獲取當(dāng)前星期 int weekDayId = getWeekDayId(); componentProvider.setTextColor(weekDayId, nowWeekColor); // 將前一天的星期改回原色 int lastWeekId = getLastWeekDayId(); componentProvider.setTextColor(lastWeekId, primaryWeekColor); } /** * obtain previous day of the week * * @return previous day of the week */ public static int getLastWeekDayId() { Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance(); int week = calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK); int lastWeek; if (week == 1) { lastWeek = WEEK_DAYS; } else { lastWeek = week - 1; } return getWeekIdResult(lastWeek); } }

對于服務(wù)卡片我們就先學(xué)的這里，學(xué)完了Demo，小伙伴是不是蠢蠢欲動呢？自己寫一個類似的Demo應(yīng)該是在可能完成的范圍之內(nèi)的，感興趣的小伙伴趕快試試吧。之后我準(zhǔn)備基于官方的一個Demo(一個音頻播放器)，搞一個服務(wù)卡片。嗯，時間關(guān)系，今天就先搞到這里。

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